Contents
- Directories
- Books
- Government and Legal Information
- News, Newspapers, and Magazines
- Noted Digital Projects
- Oral Histories
- Personal or Organizational Papers
- Microfilm
- Miscellaneous (databases with multiple formats, genres, etc.)
If you are interested in the history of African Americans in the West or Oklahoma, see the Western History Collections and the Oklahoma Historical Society. This guide to African & African American Studies may also be helpful as you are researching.
Directories
These sites provide good overviews of what is available on the web.
- Digital Black HistoryThis website is a free, searchable directory for online history projects that can help further Black history research.
- Digital SchomburgNew York Public Library's Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture. Links to books, periodicals, images, maps, and more.
- Historical African American Newspapers Available Online (Marist College)A list of historical African American Newspapers available online as part of digitization projects at libraries and historical societies as well as digitization projects done by Google.
Books
Many books have been digitized and are available in databases. The Local Catalog will also list most individual titles from these databases. For more databases and tips see also the general primary sources guide for finding books.
- African History and Culture (1540-1921; Readex/Newsbank)More than 1,300 books, pamphlets, almanacs, broadsides and ephemera.
- Afro-Americana Imprints (1535-1922; Readex/Newsbank)More than 12,000 printed books, pamphlets and broadsides recording African American history, literature and culture from the early 16th to the early 20th century.
- Black Authors (1556-1922; Readex/Newsbank)More than 550 works by authors of African or African-American descent. Includes personal narratives, autobiographies, histories, expedition reports, military reports, novels, essays, poems and musical compositions.
- Black Drama (1847-present; Alexander Street Press)Provides access to approximately 1310 plays by 210 playwrights, together with detailed, fielded information on related productions, theaters, production companies, and more. It also includes selected playbills, production photographs and other ephemera related to the plays.
- Caribbean History and Culture (1535-1920; Readex/Newsbank)Covers the diverse history of Caribbean islands over nearly 400 years. Includes books, pamphlets, almanacs, broadsides and ephemera.
- Local Catalog (OU)Many primary sources are reprinted in book form. Try using these keywords with your topic: correspondence, diaries, interviews, papers, "personal narratives" (with the quotation marks so it searches as a phrase).
Government & Legal Information
See also the guides to government documents and to legal information.
- African American Heritage (Proquest)A Metropolitan Library (OKC public) database. Sign up for a library card if you don't have one. Search historical records for African Americans that include the Federal Census, Marriage and Cohabitation Records, Military Draft and Service Records, Registers of Slaves and Free(d) Persons of Color, Freedman's Bank, and more.
- Black Freedom Struggle in the 20th Century (ProQuest History Vault)Digital reproductions of organizational and personal papers and federal government records, including the papers of Mary McLeod Bethune and Claude A. Barnett, records of the National Association of Colored Women’s Clubs and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, government records on African-Americans in the military, black workers in the era of the Great Migration, files on surveillance of African-Americans, and FBI Files.
- Brown v. Board of Education Digital Archive (Univ. of Michigan)Documents and images which chronicle events surrounding this historically significant case up to the present.
- Congressional (Proquest)Includes hearings (1824-present); CRS Reports (1916-present); House and Senate Documents/Reports (Serial Set; 1817-present); legislative histories (1969-present); bills and laws (1776-present); miscellaneous publications including GAO, CBO, the American State Papers, the House and Senate Journals (1789-present); vote reports (1987-present); maps (1789-2007); Congressional Record (1789-present); executive branch (1789-1932); and presidential materials such as executive orders (1789-present). Many of these are full text.
- Making Of Modern Law: Trials (1600-1926; Gale)Documents on Anglo-American trials including published trial transcripts; popular printed accounts of sensational trials for murder; unofficially published accounts of trials, briefs, arguments, and other trial documents; official records of legislative proceedings, administrative proceedings, and arbitration sessions; and books and pamphlets about specific trials.
- Slavery in America and the World: History, Culture & Law (HeinOnline)Brings together, for the first time, all known legal materials on slavery in the United States and the English-speaking world, including more than 1,000 books and pamphlets.
- Slaves and the Courts, 1740 to 1860 (Library of Congress)Books and manuscripts drawn principally from the Law Library and Rare Book and Special Collections Division. Includes an assortment of trials and cases, reports, arguments, accounts, examinations of cases and decisions, proceedings, journals, a letter, and other works of historical importance. Most of the items date from the nineteenth century.
News, Newspapers, and Magazines
This box lists individually digitized titles as well as databases with collections of titles. Also search the Local Catalog to see if particular magazines or newspapers are available at the library. For a more complete list of newspapers see this guide.
- African American Newspapers (1827-1998; Readex/Newsbank)A Metropolitan Library (OKC public) database. Sign up for a library card if you don't have one. Hundreds of African American newspapers from across the United States published during the 19th and 20th centuries.
- African American Newspapers: The 19th Century (Accessible Archives)Includes Freedom's Journal, The Colored American, The North Star, The National Era, Provincial Freeman, Frederick Douglass Paper, and The Christian Recorder.
- American Race Relations: Global Perspectives (1941-1996; Readex/Newsbank)Digital archive covering foreign perspectives of American racial issues in the mid-20th century. Built from Foreign Broadcast Information Service (FBIS) and the Joint Publications Research Service Reports (JPRS).
- Artist and Influence (1981-2011; Alexander Street Press)Annual publication that included interviews, oral histories, photos, original art, poetry, and other firsthand perspectives tracking African American cultural trends in the 20th century.
- Black American Series (JSTOR, Reveal Digital)Periodicals from the Black Power, Black Arts, Black Nationalism, Separatism, and Black Feminism movements.
- Black Enterprise (1970-2000; Google)Magazine for African American professionals and entrepreneurs, with information on careers, small business and personal finance.
- Black Life in America, Series 3 (1976-present; Newsbank)Part of the America's News database. American and global news sources, including over 400 current and historical Black publications.
- Black Panther (1967-1980; Alexander Street Press)The official newspaper of the Black Panther Party. Part of the database Black Thought and Culture.
- Black World / Negro Digest (1961-1976; Google)Founded in 1943, Negro Digest (later Black World) was the publication that launched Johnson Publishing. During the most turbulent years of the civil rights movement, Negro Digest/Black World served as a critical vehicle for political thought for supporters of the movement.
- Chronicling America: Historic African American Newspapers (Library of Congress)Nearly 300 digitized African American newspapers from nearly every U.S. state.
- Colored American Magazine (1900-1909; HathiTrust)One of the first periodicals to highlight Black writers’ literary and political contributions. Higher quality scans available from Yale.
- The Crisis (1911-2011; Google)Magazine founded by W.E.B. Du Bois. 1910-1922 available from the Modernist Journals Project.
- Ebony (1950-2000; Google)Founded in 1945 by John H. Johnson.
- Essence (1970-2005; Proquest)Lifestyle, fashion and beauty magazine for African-American women. 1988-present available through EthnicNewswatch
- Ethnic Newswatch Complete (1959-present; Proquest)Newspapers, magazines, and journals of the ethnic and minority press.
- Historical African American Newspapers Available Online (Marist College)A list of historical African American Newspapers available online as part of digitization projects at libraries and historical societies as well as digitization projects done by Google.
- Historically Black Newspapers (ProQuest)Includes these historically Black papers:
-Atlanta Daily World, 1931-2010;
-Chicago Defender, 1909-2010;
-Los Angeles Sentinel, 1934-2010;
-New York Amsterdam News, 1922-2010;
-Norfolk Journal and Guide, 1916-2010;
-Pittsburgh Courier, 1911-2010. - Jet (1951-2005; Google)News, culture, and entertainment related to the African-American community.
- Oklahoma African American Newspapers (1892-2019; Oklahoma Historical Society)Part of the Gateway to Oklahoma History digital collection.
Noted Digital Projects
This box lists examples of noted digital collections, freely available on the web.
- Freedmen and Southern Society Project (Univ. of Maryland)Documents explaining how Black people traversed the bloody ground from slavery to freedom between the beginning of the Civil War in 1861 and the beginning of Radical Reconstruction in 1867.
- SlaveVoyages (The Slave Voyages Consortium)A collaborative digital initiative that compiles and makes publicly accessible records of the largest slave trades in history. Search these records to learn about the broad origins and forced relocations of more than 12 million African people who were sent across the Atlantic in slave ships, and hundreds of thousands more who were trafficked within the Americas. Explore where they were taken, the numerous rebellions that occurred, the horrific loss of life during the voyages, the identities and nationalities of the perpetrators, and much more.
Oral Histories
Interviews, whether audio recordings or transcriptions, can be valuable sources of information from people who lived through historical events.
- Behind the Veil (1890s-1950s; Duke Univ.)Preserve the living memory of African American life during the age of legal segregation in the American South.
- Black Women Oral History Project Interviews (1976-1981; Harvard Univ.)Oral memoirs of women in their 70s, 80s, and 90s from all over the United States.
- Born in Slavery: Slave Narratives from the Federal Writers' Project (1936-1938; Library of Congress)Includes more than 2,300 first-person accounts of slavery and 500 black-and-white photographs of former slaves. These narratives were collected in the 1930s as part of the Federal Writers' Project of the Works Progress Administration (WPA). Also available in paper at E 441 .A58, Bizzell Library, as American Slave: A Composite Autobiography.
- Civil Rights in Black and Brown (Texas Christian Univ.)Interviews with black, white, and Mexican people in Texas about the civil rights movement.
- Doris Duke Collection (1967-1972; OU's Western History Collections)Typescripts of interviews conducted with hundreds of Indians in Oklahoma regarding the histories and cultures of their respective nations and tribes. Members of every tribe resident in Oklahoma were interviewed.
- Oral Histories from the Black Thought and Culture Database (Alexander Street Press)Firsthand perspectives tracking African American cultural trends in the 20th century.
- Television News of the Civil Rights Era (1950-1970; Univ. of Virginia)Aims to collect, digitize, and present television news footage from the period.
- Tulsa Race Massacre Survivors (Tulsa Reparations Coalition)Accounts from survivors of the Massacre of 1921. Also see the Greenwood Resource Portal from the John Hope Franklin Center for Reconciliation, and Otis Clark and Wess & Cathryn Young, Voices of Oklahoma.
Personal or Organizational Papers
The papers of organizations and individuals can be valuable sources of information. Some of these are freely available on the web; to find more try a Google search of the word "papers" and the person or organization you are researching. If papers have not been digitized you might still find a guide (finding aid) to a collection in a library that may provide insights on your topic or incentive to travel to the library.
- Black Freedom Struggle in the 20th Century (ProQuest History Vault)Digital reproductions of organizational and personal papers and federal government records, including the papers of Mary McLeod Bethune and Claude A. Barnett, records of the National Association of Colored Women’s Clubs and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, government records on African-Americans in the military, black workers in the era of the Great Migration, files on surveillance of African-Americans, and FBI Files.
- Frederick Douglass Papers (1841-1964; Library of Congress)The bulk of the material dates from 1862 to 1895.
- King Papers PublicationsWritings and spoken words of Martin Luther King, Jr.
- Local Catalog (OU)Many primary sources are reprinted in book form. Try using these keywords with your topic: correspondence, diaries, interviews, papers, "personal narratives" (with the quotation marks so it searches as a phrase).
- Microfilm Collections (OU)See this guide for information on collections such as the NAACP papers, Records of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, and more.
Miscellaneous (databases with multiple formats, genres, etc.)
This category is a catch-all for databases with many different types of sources. Most are also in other boxes, above.
- African American History Online (Infobase)A Metropolitan Library (OKC public) database. Sign up for a library card if you don't have one. Covers more than 500 years of African-American history using biographies, primary sources, images, videos, timelines, maps, and charts.
- African History and Culture (1540-1921; Readex/Newsbank)More than 1,300 books, pamphlets, almanacs, broadsides and ephemera.
- Afro-Americana Imprints (1535-1922; Readex/Newsbank)More than 12,000 printed books, pamphlets and broadsides recording African American history, literature and culture from the early 16th to the early 20th century.
- Behind the Scenes of the Civil Rights MovementsBlack, Latine, Indigenous, and Asian American/Pacific Islander communities. The program will include up to four collections, targeted for completion by the end of 2025.
- Black Authors (1556-1922; Readex/Newsbank)More than 550 works by authors of African or African-American descent. Includes personal narratives, autobiographies, histories, expedition reports, military reports, novels, essays, poems and musical compositions.
- Black Drama (1847-present; Alexander Street Press)Provides access to approximately 1310 plays by 210 playwrights, together with detailed, fielded information on related productions, theaters, production companies, and more. It also includes selected playbills, production photographs and other ephemera related to the plays.
- Black Studies Center (1900-present; Proquest)Scholarly journals, commissioned essays by scholars in Black Studies, historic indexes, and the Chicago Defender newspaper, 1910-1975.
- Black Thought and Culture (1700-2006; Alexander Street Press)Non-fiction published works of over 1,000 leading African Americans, including artists, teachers, religious leaders, politicians, entertainers, and more. Includes interviews, journal articles, letters, and more. Includes Black Panther newspaper.
- Caribbean History and Culture (1535-1920; Readex/Newsbank)Covers the diverse history of Caribbean islands over nearly 400 years. Includes books, pamphlets, almanacs, broadsides and ephemera.
- Exploring Race in Society (Ebsco)Cover important issues related to race, ethnicity, diversity, and inclusiveness in today's society. Resources include essays, journal articles, government agency reports, photographs, speeches, and other primary sources. A wide range of topics are covered, including affirmative action, food insecurity, environmental racism and environmental justice, the black lives matter movement, voting rights and voter suppression, police use of force, sports team branding changes, neighborhood gentrification, and much more.
Microfilm
- American Missionary Association Archives Amistad Research Center, New Orleans, LouisianaCall Number: Microfilm 783Library has -- Ohio (reels 157-177) -- Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon (reel 178).
- Black Workers in the Era of the Great Migration, 1916-1929Call Number: Microfilm 596 and guideSee Guide online
- Martin Luther King, Jr., FBI fileCall Number: Microfilm 579 and guidept. 1. FBI file (16 reels), Guide online
pt. 2. The King-Levison file (9 reels) Guide online
Also see this site. - Martin Luther King, Jr. FBI Assassination FileCall Number: Microfilm 549 and guide
- Papers of the Civil Rights CongressCall Number: Microfilm 581 and guidept. 1. Case files (40 microfilm reels) -- pt. 2. Files of William L. Patterson and the National Office (42 microfilm reels) -- pt. 3. Publications (19 microfilm reels) -- pt. 4. Communist Party USA files (16 microfilm reels) -- pt. 5. Citizens Emergency Defense Conference files (8 microfilm reels).
- Papers of the NAACP, 1909-1972Call Number: varies, click on title for call numbersPlease note that one set, Papers of the NAACP. Part 12, Selected Branch Files, 1913-1939, Series D, The West, is at the Law Library.
Guides online. (Search for NAACP.)